The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Keppeler, H., Schultz, J. A., Ruf, I., & Martin, T., 2023. Cranial anatomy of Hypisodus minimus (Artiodactyla: Ruminantia) from the Oligocene Brule Formation of North America. Palaeontographica Abteilung A. 

Hypisodus minimus SMNK-PAL 27212 View specimen

	M3#1031 CT image stack of a skull of Hypisodus minimus. Also includes a lumbar vertebra and a probable proximal phalanx of digit III or IV. Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1031   state:published	Download CT data
	M3#1036 3D surface models of a skull of Hypisodus minimus (SMNK-PAL27212). The data includes a surface model for: basisphenoid, tympanic bullae, ethmoid (lamina perpendicularis), frontals, jugal (left), jugal (right), lacrimals, lower dentition, mandibles, mastoid processes, maxillaries, maxilloturbinals, nasals, occipital, palatine, parietals, petrosals, presphenoid, squamosals, turbinates, upper dentition, and the vomer. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1036   state:published	Download 3D surface file

Hypisodus minimus SMNK-PAL 27213 View specimen

	M3#1033 CT image stack of a skull of Hypisodus minimus. Also shows numerous postcranial material including an atlas articulated with the occipital bone, the distal part of a left humerus articulated to radius and ulna, a part of a femur, a part of a tibia and fibula, unidentifiable tarsal bones, parts of the metatarsals II, III, IV and V and their phalanges, a proximal phalanx of digit III or IV, a middle phalanx of digit III or IV, a possible patella and calcaneus, as well as numerous unidentifiable broken bony fragments. Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1033   state:published	Download CT data
	M3#1035 3D surface models of a skull of Hypisodus minimus (SMNK-PAL27213). The data includes a surface model for: atlas, basisphenoid, tympanic bullae, nasals, occipital, the petrosals, and the inner ear. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1035   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Billet G., Germain D., Ruf I., Muizon C. de, Hautier L. 2013. The inner ear of Megatherium and the evolution of the vestibular system in sloths. Journal of Anatomy 123:557-567, DOI: 10.1111/joa.12114. 

Megatherium americanum MNHN.F.PAM276 View specimen

M3#14 This model corresponds to a virtually reconstructed bony labyrinth of the right inner ear of the skull MNHN-F-PAM 276, attributed to the extinct giant ground sloth Megatherium americanum. The fossil comes from Pleistocene deposits at Rio Salado (Prov. Buenos Aires, Argentina). The bony labyrinth of Megatherium shows semicircular canals that are proportionally much larger than in the modern two-toed and three-toed sloths. The cochlea in Megatherium shows 2.5 turns, which is a rather high value within Xenarthra. Overall, the shape of the bony labyrinth of Megatherium resembles more that of extant armadillos than that of its extant sloth relatives. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf14   state:published

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