A 3D geometric morphometric dataset quantifying skeletal variation in birds

Alexander Bjarnason and Roger Benson

Abstract

Macroevolution is integral to understanding the patterns of the diversification of life. As the life sciences increasingly use big data approaches, large multivariate datasets are required to test fundamental macroevolutionary hypotheses. In vertebrate evolution, large datasets have been created to quantify morphological variation, largely focusing on particular areas of the skeleton. We provide a landmarking protocol to quantify morphological variation in skeletal elements across the head, trunk, hindlimb and forelimb using 3-dimensional landmarks and semilandmarks, and present a large pan-skeletal database of bird morphology for 149 taxa across avian phylogeny using CT scan data. This large collection of 3D models and geometric morphometric data is open access and can be used in the future for new research, teaching and outreach. The 3D models and CT scans of the 149 specimens related to this project can be downloaded at MorphoSource (https://www.morphosource.org/projects/00000C420) 

Menura novaehollandiae FMNH 336751 View specimen

	M3#562_FMNH 336751 3D model of the mandible of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.562	Download 3D data
	M3#563_FMNH 336751 3D model of the right coracoid of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.563	Download 3D data
	M3#564_FMNH 336751 3D model of the right scapula of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.564	Download 3D data
	M3#561_FMNH 336751 3D model of the left carpometacarpus of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandia (displayed as a mirror image in the 3DHOP viewer). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.561	Download 3D data
	M3#565_FMNH 336751 3D model of the right tarsometatarsus of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.565	Download 3D data
	M3#566_FMNH 336751 3D model of the sternum of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.566	Download 3D data
	M3#567_FMNH 336751 3D model of the left femur of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae (displayed as a mirror image in the 3DHOP viewer). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.567	Download 3D data
	M3#568_FMNH 336751 3D model of the skull of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.568	Download 3D data
	M3#569_FMNH 336751 3D model of the left humerus of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae (displayed as a mirror image in the 3DHOP viewer). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.569	Download 3D data
	M3#570_FMNH 336751 3D model of the synsacrum of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.570	Download 3D data
	M3#571_FMNH 336751 3D model of the left radius of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae (displayed as a mirror image in the 3DHOP viewer). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.571	Download 3D data
	M3#572_FMNH 336751 3D model of the left tibiotarsus of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae (displayed as a mirror image in the 3DHOP viewer). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.572	Download 3D data
	M3#573_FMNH 336751 3D model of the left ulna of the superb lyrebird, Menura novaehollandiae (displayed as a mirror image in the 3DHOP viewer). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.573	Download 3D data

3D models related to the publication: Re-description of the braincase of the rebbachisaurid sauropod Limaysaurus tessonei and novel endocranial information based on CT scans
 

Ariana Paulina-Carabajal and Jorge Calvo

This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Paulina-Carabajal A and Calvo JO 2021. Re-description of the braincase of the rebbachisaurid sauropod Limaysaurus tessonei and novel endocranial information based on CT scans. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 93(Suppl. 2): e20200762 https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200762 

Limaysaurus tessonei MUCPv-205 View specimen

M3#700_MUCPv-205 Renderings of the virtually isolate braincase, brain, and right inner ear. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.700

Download 3D data

3D models related to the publication: Reassessment of the enigmatic ruminant Miocene genus Amphimoschus Bourgeois, 1873 (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Pecora).

Bastien Mennecart, Grégoire Métais, Jérémy Tissier, Loïc Costeur and Gertrud Rössner

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Mennecart B., Métais G., Costeur L., Ginsburg L, and Rössner G. 2021, Reassessment of the enigmatic ruminant Miocene genus Amphimoschus Bourgeois, 1873 (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Pecora). PlosOne. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244661 

Amphimoschus ponteleviensis MNHN.F.AR3266 View specimen

	M3#701_MNHN.F.AR3266 Surface scan of the cast of the skull of Amphimoschus ponteleviensis MNHN.F.AR3266 from Artenay (France) Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.701	Download 3D data
	M3#702_MNHN.F.AR3266 Right petrosal bone and bony labyrinth of the skull MNHN.F.AR3266 from Artenay (France) Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.702	Download 3D data

Amphimoschus ponteleviensis SMNS40693 View specimen

M3#704_SMNS40693 Left petrosal bone and bony labyrinth of the skull SMNS40693 from Langenau 1 (Germany) Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.704

Download 3D data

3D model related to the publication: A new fossil of Tayassuidae (Mammalia: Cetartiodactyla) from the Pleistocene of northern Brazil

Paula Copetti, Rodrigo . Parisi-Dutra, Atila A. Stock Da-Rosa and Leonardo Kerber

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model of a left dentary with m1-m3 analyzed in “A new fossil of Tayassuidae (Mammalia: Certartiodactyla) from the Pleistocene of northern Brazil”. The 3D model was generated using a laser scanning. 

cf. Pecari tajacu UFSM 11606 View specimen

M3#498_UFSM 11606 Left dentary with m1-m3 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.498

Download 3D data

3D models related to the publication: Pushing the boundary? Testing the ‘functional elongation hypothesis’ of the giraffe’s neck

Marilena A. Müller, Luisa Merten, Christine Böhmer and John A. Nyakatura

This contribution contains the 3D models analyzed in Müller et al. (2021) “Pushing the boundary? Testing the ‘functional elongation hypothesis’ of the giraffe’s neck”. 

Aepyceros melampus ZFMK 2001.278 View specimen

M3#643_ZFMK 2001.278 Vertebrae C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.643

Download 3D data

Giraffa camelopardalis ZMB 66393 View specimen

M3#644_ZMB 66393 Vertebrae Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.644

Download 3D data

Giraffa camelopardalis ZSM 1967/17 View specimen

M3#645_ZSM 1967/17 Vertebrae Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.645

Download 3D data

Giraffa camelopardalis ZSM 1981/19 View specimen

M3#646_1981/19 C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, T1, T2 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.646

Download 3D data

Giraffa camelopardalis KMDA M-10861 View specimen

M3#647_KMDA M-10861 C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, T1, T2. Acquired via laser scanner. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.647

Download 3D data

Giraffa camelopardalis SMF 84214 View specimen

M3#648_SMF 84214 C7, T1. Warning : photogrammetric models (unit scale is CM, not MM). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.648

Download 3D data

Giraffa camelopardalis SMF 78299 View specimen

M3#649_SMF 78299 C7, T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D models (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.649

Download 3D data

Giraffa camelopardalis SMF o. N View specimen

M3#650_SMF o. N C7, T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D models (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.650

Download 3D data

Giraffa camelopardalis SMNS 19138 View specimen

M3#671_SMNS 19138 C7, T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D models (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.671

Download 3D data

Okapia johnstoni ZMB 62086 View specimen

M3#651_ZMB 62086 C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, T1, T2 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.651

Download 3D data

Okapia johnstoni ZMB 70325 View specimen

M3#652_ZMB 70325 C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, T1, T2 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.652

Download 3D data

Sivatherium giganteum NHMUK 15707 View specimen

M3#653_NHMUK 15707 C7. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D model (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.653

Download 3D data

Sivatherium giganteum NHMUK 15297 View specimen

M3#654_NHMUK 15297 T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D model (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.654

Download 3D data

Cervus elaphus ZMB 47502 View specimen

M3#655_ZMB 47502 C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, T1, T2 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.655

Download 3D data

Axis axis SMF 1450 View specimen

M3#656_SMF 1450 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.656

Download 3D data

Cervus nippon SMF 4368 View specimen

M3#657_SMF 4368 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.657

Download 3D data

Capreolus capreolus SMF 79852 View specimen

M3#658_SMF 79852 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.658

Download 3D data

Capreolus capreolus ZFMK 67.237 View specimen

M3#659_ZFMK 67.237 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.659

Download 3D data

Muntiacus reevesi SMF 92954 View specimen

M3#660_SMF 92954 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.660

Download 3D data

Muntiacus reevesi SMF 92332 View specimen

M3#661_SMF 92332 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.661

Download 3D data

Alces alces SMF 35549 View specimen

M3#662_SMF 35549 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.662

Download 3D data

Dama dama ZFMK 86.125 View specimen

M3#663_ZFMK 86.125 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.663

Download 3D data

Antilope cervicapra ZMB 78829 View specimen

M3#664_ZMB 78829 C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, T1, T2 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.664

Download 3D data

Bison bonasus SMNS 2998 View specimen

M3#665_SMNS 2998 C7, T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D models (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.665

Download 3D data

Nanger dama SMF 74435 View specimen

M3#666_SMF 74435 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.666

Download 3D data

Litocranius walleri SMF 23747 View specimen

M3#667_SMF 23747 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.667

Download 3D data

Litocranius walleri SMF 23749 View specimen

M3#669_SMF 23749 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.669

Download 3D data

Tragelaphus eurycerus SMF 95875 View specimen

M3#670_SMF 95875 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.670

Download 3D data

Bos javanicus SMF 64934 View specimen

M3#672_SMF 64934 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.672

Download 3D data

Ovis aries musimon ZFMK 1982.338 View specimen

M3#673_ZFMK 1982.338 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.673

Download 3D data

Rupicapra rupicapra ZFMK 72.367 View specimen

M3#674_ZFMK 72.367 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.674

Download 3D data

Kobus ellipsiprymnus SMNS 4443 View specimen

M3#675_SMNS 4443 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.675

Download 3D data

Sylvicapra grimmia SMNS 15292 View specimen

M3#676_SMNS 15292 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.676

Download 3D data

Syncerus caffer SMNS 7347 View specimen

M3#677_SMNS 7347 C7, T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D models (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.677

Download 3D data

Procapra gutturosa SMNS 5796 View specimen

M3#678_SMNS 5796 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.678

Download 3D data

Damaliscus pygargus SMNS 21617 View specimen

M3#679_SMNS 21617 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.679

Download 3D data

Madoqua kirkii SMNS 4432 View specimen

M3#680_SMNS 4432 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.680

Download 3D data

Bubalus mindorensis SMNS 2054 View specimen

M3#681_SMNS 2054 C7, T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D models (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.681

Download 3D data

Capra hircus dom. SMNS 51328 View specimen

M3#682_SMNS 51328 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.682

Download 3D data

Connochaetes taurinus SMNS 4442 View specimen

M3#683_SMNS 4442 C7, T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D models (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.683

Download 3D data

Antilocapra americana ZSM 1964/218 View specimen

M3#684_ZSM 1964/218 C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, T1, T2 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.684

Download 3D data

Antilocapra americana ZMB 77281 View specimen

M3#685_ZMB 77281 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.685

Download 3D data

Moschus moschiferus ZMB 62080 View specimen

M3#686_ZMB 62080 C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, T1, T2 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.686

Download 3D data

Moschus moschiferus ZMB 60367 View specimen

M3#687_ZMB 60367 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.687

Download 3D data

Moschus moschiferus ZMB 51830 View specimen

M3#688_ZMB 51830 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.688

Download 3D data

Tragulus javanicus SMF 82179 View specimen

M3#689_SMF 82179 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.689

Download 3D data

Tragulus javanicus ZMB 86222 View specimen

M3#690_ZMB 86222 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.690

Download 3D data

Tragulus sp. ZMB o. N. View specimen

M3#691_ZMB o. N. C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.691

Download 3D data

Hyemoschus aquaticus ZMB 71071 View specimen

M3#692_ZMB 71071 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.692

Download 3D data

Hyemoschus aquaticus ZMB 103235 View specimen

M3#693_ZMB 103235 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.693

Download 3D data

Vicugna vicugna SMF 94752 View specimen

M3#694_SMF 94752 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.694

Download 3D data

Camelus dromedarius SMF 70473 View specimen

M3#695_SMF 70473 C7, T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D models (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.695

Download 3D data

Camelus bactrianus SMF 25542 View specimen

M3#696_SMF 25542 C7, T1. Warning : unscaled photogrammetric 3D models (unknown size). Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.696

Download 3D data

Lama glama SMNS 31175 View specimen

M3#697_SMNS 31175 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.697

Download 3D data

Vicugna pacos SMNS 46255 View specimen

M3#698_SMNS 46255 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.698

Download 3D data

Vicugna pacos SMNS 7349 View specimen

M3#699_SMNS 7349 C7, T1 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.699

Download 3D data

3D models related to the publication: The morphology and evolution of chondrichthyan cranial muscles: a digital dissection of the elephantfish Callorhinchus milii and the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula

Richard Dearden, Rohan Mansuit, Anthony Herrel, Antoine Cuckovic, Dominique Didier, Paul Tafforeau and Alan Pradel

This contribution contains 3D models of the cranial skeleton and muscles in an elephantfish (Callorhinchus milii) and a catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula), based on synchrotron tomographic scans. These datasets were analyzed and described in Dearden et al. (2021) “The morphology and evolution of chondrichthyan cranial muscles: a digital dissection of the elephantfish Callorhinchus milii and the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula.” Journal of Anatomy. 

Callorhinchus milii 001 View specimen

M3#708_001 3D models of the cranial skeleton and muscles of Callorhinchus milii, created using Mimics. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.708

Download 3D data

Scyliorhinus canicula 002 View specimen

M3#709_002 3D models of the cranial skeleton and muscles of Scyliorhinus canicula, created using Mimics. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.709

Download 3D data

3D models related to the publication: A new traversodontid cynodont with a peculiar postcanine dentition from the Middle/Late Triassic of Namibia and dental evolution in basal gomphodonts.

Christophe Hendrickx, Leandro C. Gaetano, Jonah N. Choiniere, Helke Mocke and Fernando Abdala

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Hendrickx, C., Gaetano, L. C., Choiniere, J., Mocke, H. and Abdala, F. in press. A new traversodontid cynodont with a peculiar postcanine dentition from the Middle/Late Triassic of Namibia and dental evolution in basal gomphodonts. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 

Etjoia dentitransitus GSN F1591 View specimen

	M3#558_GSN F1591 Photogrammetric 3D surface model of the postcanines of the Holotype of Etjoia dentitransitus Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.558	Download 3D data
	M3#557_GSN F1591 Surface model derived from µCT data of the holotype of Etjoia dentitransitus Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.557	Download 3D data
	M3#559_GSN F1591 Photogrammetric 3D surface model of the Holotype of Etjoia dentitransitus Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.559	Download 3D data

3D models related to the publication: A new prozostrodontian cynodont (Eucynodontia, Probainognathia) from the Upper Triassic of southern Brazil

Micheli Stefanello, Leonardo Kerber, Agustin Martinelli and Sérgio Dias-da-Silva

This contribution contains the 3D model(s) described and figured in the following publication: The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models and CT-Scan slices of the lower jaws and teeth analyzed in “A new prozostrodontian cynodont (Eucynodontia, Probainognathia) from the Upper Triassic of southern Brazil”. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2020.1782415 

Agudotherium gassenae CAPPA/UFSM 0262 View specimen

	M3#546_CAPPA/UFSM 0262 Left lower jaw and cheek teeth Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.546	Download 3D data
	M3#547_CAPPA/UFSM 0262 1578 slices Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.547	Download CT data

Agudotherium gassenae CAPPA/UFSM 0208 View specimen

	M3#548_CAPPA/UFSM 0208 right lower jaw Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.548	Download 3D data
	M3#549_CAPPA/UFSM 0208 CT data of CAPPA_UFSM_0208 Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.549	Download CT data

3D model related to the publication: three-dimensional and histological observations on male genital organs of greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum.

Joon H. Sohn, Junpei Kimura and Daisuke Koyabu

The present Dataset contains the 3D model of the male genital organs of greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum. This is the first detailed 3D structure of the soft-tissue genital organs of bats. The 3D model was generated using microCT and techniques of virtual reconstruction. 

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum JP18-006 View specimen

M3#521_JP18-006 The genital organs of male greater horseshoe bat. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.521

Download 3D data

3D models related to the publication: Interacting with the inaccessible: utilization of multimedia-based visual contents of Japan’s National Monument, the Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis (Mosasauridae) holotype for educational workshops at Mikasa City Museum

Kumiko Matsui and Tomoki Karasawa

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model used in in the following publication: Interacting with the inaccessible: utilization of multimedia-based visual contents of Japan’s National Monument, the Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis (Mosasauridae) holotype for educational workshops at Mikasa City Museum. 

Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis MCM.M0009 View specimen

M3#499_MCM.M0009 Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis, Caldwell et al. 2008 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.499

Download 3D data

3D models related to the publication: Sacral co-ossification in dinosaurs: the oldest record of fused sacral vertebrae in Dinosauria and the diversity of sacral co-ossification patterns in the group

Débora Moro, Leonardo Kerber, Rodrigo T. Müller and Flávio A. Pretto

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of the sacral vertebrae analyzed in “Sacral co-ossification in dinosaurs: The oldest record of fused sacral vertebrae in Dinosauria and the diversity of sacral co-ossification patterns in the group”.
  

Buriolestes schultzi CAPPA/UFSM 0035 View specimen

M3#705_CAPPA/UFSM 0035 Sacral vertebrae of Buriolestes schultzi Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.705

Download 3D data

indet indet CAPPA/UFSM 0228 View specimen

M3#706_CAPPA/UFSM 0228 Sacral vertebrae of a saurischian dinosaur indet. Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.706

Download 3D data