The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Pochat-Cottilloux Y., Martin J.E., Jouve S., Perrichon G., Adrien J., Salaviale C., de Muizon C., Cespedes R. & Amiot R. (2021). The neuroanatomy of Zulmasuchus querejazus (Crocodylomorpha, Sebecidae) and its implications for the paleoecology of sebecosuchians. The Anatomical Record, https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.24826 

Zulmasuchus querejazus MHNC 6672 View specimen

	M3#798 Left endosseous labyrinth of Z. querejazus (MHNC 6672). Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.798   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#799 Reconstruction of the endocranial cavities of Z. querejazus (MHNC 6672). Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.799   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#800 Three-dimensional reconstruction of the pneumatic cavities within the braincase of Z. querejazus (MHNC 6672) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.800   state:published	Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in Gaetano, L. C., Abdala, F., Seoane, F. D., Tartaglione, A., Schulz, M., Otero, A., Leardi, J. M., Apaldetti, C., Krapovickas, V., and Steinbach, E. 2021. A new cynodont from the Upper Triassic Los Colorados Formation (Argentina, South America) reveals a novel paleobiogeographic context for mammalian ancestors. Scientific Reports. 

Tessellatia bonapartei PULR-V121 View specimen

M3#960 3D surface model of PULR-V121 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.960   state:published

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We provide a 3D reconstruction of the skull of Latimeria chalumnae that can be easily accessed and visualized for a better understanding of its cranial anatomy. Different skeletal elements are saved as separate PLY files that can be combined to visualize the entire skull or isolated to virtually dissect the skull. We included some guidelines for a fast and easy visualization of the 3D skull. 

Latimeria chalumnae MHNG 1080.070 View specimen

M3#1254 the skeletal elements of the skull of Latimeria chalumnae included in 26 different PLY files Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1254   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains 3D models of the cranium surface and of the bony labyrinth endocast of the stem bat Vielasia sigei. They are used by (Hand et al., 2023) to explore the phylogenetic position of this species, to infer its laryngeal echolocating capabilities, and to eventually discuss chiropteran evolution before the crown clade diversification. 

Vielasia sigei UM VIE-250 View specimen

	M3#1269 External surface of the cranium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1269   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1270 Virtual endocast of the right bony labyrinth Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1270   state:published	Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Brualla et al., 2024: Comparative anatomy of the vocal apparatus in bats and implication for the diversity of laryngeal echolocation. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. zlad180. (https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad180). Bat larynges are understudied in the previous anatomical studies. The description and comparison of the different morphological traits might provide important proxies to investigate the evolutionary origin of laryngeal echolocation in bats. 

Eonycteris spelaea VN18-026 View specimen

M3#1305 Laryngeal cartilages and muscles of the cave nectar bat Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1305   state:published

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Macroglossus sobrinus VN15-017 View specimen

M3#1306 Laryngeal anatomy of Macroglossus sobrinus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1306   state:published

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Aselliscus dongbacana VTTu15-013 View specimen

M3#1307 Laryngeal anatomy of Aselliscus dongbacana Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1307   state:published

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Coelops frithii VN19-196 View specimen

M3#1308 Laryngeal anatomy of Coelops frithii Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1308   state:published

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Hipposideros larvatus VN18-209 View specimen

M3#1309 Laryngeal anatomy of Hipposideros larvatus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1309   state:published

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Rhinolophus cornutus JP21-025 View specimen

M3#1476 3D surfaces of Rhinolophus cornutus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1476   state:published

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Rhinolophus macrotis VN11-089 View specimen

M3#1477 Laryngeal cartilages and muscles of Rhinolophus macrotis Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1477   state:published

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Lyroderma lyra VN17-535 View specimen

M3#1312 Laryngeal anatomy of Lyroderma lyra Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1312   state:published

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Saccolaimus mixtus A3257 View specimen

M3#1478 Laryngeal components of Saccolaimus mixtus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1478   state:published

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Taphozous melanopogon VN17-0252 View specimen

M3#1479 Laryngeal cartilages and muscles of Taphozous melanopogon Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1479   state:published

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Artibeus jamaicensis AJ001 View specimen

M3#1316 Laryngeal anatomy of Artibeus jamaicensis Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1316   state:published

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Kerivoula hardwickii VN11-0043 View specimen

M3#1317 Laryngeal anatomy of Kerivoula hardwickii Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1317   state:published

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Myotis ater VN19-016 View specimen

M3#1318 Laryngeal anatomy of Myotis ater Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1318   state:published

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Myotis siligorensis VTTu14-018 View specimen

M3#1319 Laryngeal anatomy of Myotis siligorensis Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1319   state:published

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Suncus murinus KATS_835A View specimen

M3#1395 Laryngeal anatomy of Suncus murinus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1395   state:published

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Speothos pacivorus is an extinct South American canid (Canidae: Cerdocyonina) from the Pleistocene of Lagoa Santa Karst, Central Brazil. This taxon is one of the hypercarnivore canids that vanished from the continent at the end of Pleistocene. Although all remains of Speothos pacivorus were collected in the 19th century by the Danish naturalist Peter W. Lund, few studies have committed to an in-depth analysis of the taxon and the known specimens. Here, we analyzed all biological remains of S. pacivorus hosted in the Peter Lund/Quaternary Collection at the Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, by listing and illustrating all its specimens known to date. We also conducted a reconstruction of the holotype, an almost complete cranium, based on a µCT scan, producing an undeformed and crack-free three-dimensional model. With this data available we aim to foster new research on this elusive species. 

Speothos pacivorus NHMD:211341 View specimen

M3#1475 Holotype of Speothos pacivorus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1475   state:published

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The study of titanosaur paleobiology has been severely hampered by the incomplete nature of their fossil record, particularly the scarcity of well-preserved and relatively complete cranial remains. Even the most complete titanosaur skulls are often fractured, incomplete, or deformed, which has resulted in a limited knowledge of the paleobiology related to cranial anatomy, especially functional morphology. In this context, we present the digital restoration of the skull of the Argentinean titanosaur Sarmientosaurus musacchioi, created using the open-source 3D modeling software Blender. The digitally restored model is freely accessible to other researchers, facilitating broader research and comparative studies. 

Sarmientosaurus mussacchioi MDT-PV 02 View specimen

	M3#1594 Cranium and mandible of Sarmientosaurus mussacchioi Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1594   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1599 Original object provided by Gabriel Casal (cranium) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1599   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Pujos F., Hautier L., Antoine P-O., Boivin M., Moison B, Salas-Gismondi R, Tejada J.V. , Varas-Malca R.M., Yans J., Marivaux L. (2025). Unexpected pampatheriid from the early Oligocene of Peruvian Amazonia: insights into the tropical differentiation of cingulate xenarthrans. Historical Biology. 

Bradypus tridactylus UM-ZOOL-V69 View specimen

M3#1600 Molariform and associated dentinal microstructure Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1600   state:published

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Choloepus didactylus UM-ZOOL-V12 View specimen

M3#1601 Molariform and associated dentinal microstructure Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1601   state:published

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Dasypus mexicanus UM-ZOOL-2787 View specimen

M3#1602 Molariform and associated dentinal microstructure Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1602   state:published

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Tolypeutes matacus UM-ZOOL-2789 View specimen

M3#1603 Molariform and associated dentinal microstructure Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1603   state:published

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Euphractus sexcinctus UM-ZOOL-2790 View specimen

M3#1604 Molariform and associated dentinal microstructure Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1604   state:published

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Holmesina septrionalis UM-FLD-1 View specimen

M3#1605 Molariform and associated dentinal microstructure Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1605   state:published

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Megatherium sp. UM-TAR-1 View specimen

M3#1607 Molariform and associated dentinal microstructure Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1607   state:published

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Indet indet MUSM-3965 View specimen

M3#1606 Molariform and associated dentinal microstructure Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1606   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the models analyzed in the publication: Menéndez L, Rios C, Acosta Morano C, Novellino P, Schmelzle T, Aguirre-Fernández G, Breidenstein A, Barquera R, Schuenemann VJ, Stafford TW, Sánchez-Villagra M, Barbieri C. (2025). A human skeleton from Última Esperanza, South-West Patagonia, Chile: Osteobiography, morphometric, and genetic analysis. The models include the skull, femur, and the segmented left and right inner ears of a late Holocene human skeleton from southern Patagonia. In the associated paper, we present the radiocarbon dating, an osteobiography profile evaluating some aspects of the life history of this individual, as well as genetic and morphometric analysis assessing biological relatedness to other individuals and populations.
  

Homo sapiens PIMUZ A/V 4612 View specimen

	M3#1650 Homo sapiens skull Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1650   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1652 Homo sapiens left inner ear Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1652   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1653 Homo sapiens right inner ear Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1653   state:published	Download 3D surface file

Homo sapiens PIMUZ A/V 4613 View specimen

M3#1651 Homo sapiens femur Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1651   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of Protocetus atavus described and figured in the following publication: Berger et al. (2025) The endocranial anatomy of Protocetids and its implications for early whale evolution.
  

Protocetus atavus SMNS-P-11084 View specimen

	M3#1654 Textured model of the whole skull Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1654   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1655 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1655   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Billet G., Germain D., Ruf I., Muizon C. de, Hautier L. 2013. The inner ear of Megatherium and the evolution of the vestibular system in sloths. Journal of Anatomy 123:557-567, DOI: 10.1111/joa.12114. 

Megatherium americanum MNHN.F.PAM276 View specimen

M3#14 This model corresponds to a virtually reconstructed bony labyrinth of the right inner ear of the skull MNHN-F-PAM 276, attributed to the extinct giant ground sloth Megatherium americanum. The fossil comes from Pleistocene deposits at Rio Salado (Prov. Buenos Aires, Argentina). The bony labyrinth of Megatherium shows semicircular canals that are proportionally much larger than in the modern two-toed and three-toed sloths. The cochlea in Megatherium shows 2.5 turns, which is a rather high value within Xenarthra. Overall, the shape of the bony labyrinth of Megatherium resembles more that of extant armadillos than that of its extant sloth relatives. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf14   state:published

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Archaeozoological studies are increasingly using new methods and approaches to explore questions about domestication. Here, we provide 3D models of three archaeological Canis lupus skulls from Belgium originating from the sites of Goyet (31,680±250BP; 31,890+240/-220BP), Trou des Nutons (21,810±90BP) and Trou Balleux (postglacial). Since their identification as either wolves or early dogs is still debated, we present these models as additional tools for further investigating their evolutionary history and the history of dog domestication. 

Canis lupus Goyet 2860 View specimen

M3#21 3D surface model of the cranium of the Late Pleistocene Canis lupus "Goyet 2860" from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf21   state:published

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Canis lupus Trou Balleux no-nr View specimen

M3#22 3D surface model of the cranium of the Late Pleistocene Canis lupus "Trou Balleux no-nr" from the University of Liège, Belgium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf22   state:published

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Canis lupus Trou des Nutons 2559-1 View specimen

M3#23 3D surface model of the cranium of the Late Pleistocene Canis lupus "Trou des Nutons 2559-1" from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf23   state:published

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The present publication contains the µCT dataset and the 3D models analyzed in the following publication: Mautner, A.-K., A. E. Latimer, U. Fritz, and T. M. Scheyer. An updated description of the osteology of the pancake tortoise Malacochersus tornieri (Testudines: Testudinidae) with special focus on intraspecific variation. Journal of Morphology. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20640 

Malacochersus tornieri ZM 100.102 View specimen

	M3#129 Virtual brain and inner ear endocast of Malacochersus tornieri (ZM 100.102; Zoological Museum of The University of Zurich). This virtual model is accompanied by the 3D dataset. Blue, endocranium; red, blood vessels; purple, semicircular canals; yellow, cranial nerves. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.129   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#130 3D dataset of skull of Malacochersus tornieri (ZM 100.102) Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.130   state:published	Download CT data

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Velazco P. M., Grohé C. 2017. Comparative anatomy of the bony labyrinth of the bats Platalina genovensium (Phyllostomidae, Lonchophyllinae) and Tomopeas ravus (Molossidae, Tomopeatinae). Biotempo 14(2). 

Platalina genovensium 278520 View specimen

M3#276 Right bony labyrinth surface positioned (.PLY) Labels associated (.FLG) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.276   state:published

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Tomopeas ravus 278525 View specimen

M3#277 Right bony labyrinth surface (.PLY) Labels associated (.FLG) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.277   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Tissier et al. (in prep.). 

Sellamynodon zimborensis UBB MPS 15795 View specimen

M3#297 Incomplete skull with left M3. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.297   state:published

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Sellamynodon zimborensis UBB MPS 15795 View specimen

M3#298 Mandible with complete molar and premolar rows, lacking symphysis. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.298   state:published

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Amynodontopsis aff. bodei UBB MPS V545 View specimen

M3#299 Maxillary fragment with M1-3. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.299   state:published

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Amynodontopsis aff. bodei UBB MPS V546 View specimen

M3#300 Unworn m1/2 on mandible fragment. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.300   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in the following publication: Georgalis, G. L., and T. M. Scheyer. A new species of Palaeopython (Serpentes) and other extinct squamates from the Eocene of Dielsdorf (Zurich, Switzerland). Swiss Journal of Geosciences (in press). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00015-019-00341-6

  

Palaeopython helveticus PIMUZ A/III 631 View specimen

	M3#399 ZIP file containing .ply of vertebra PIMUZ A/III 631 from Palaeopython helveticus n. sp. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.399   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#403 dataset of snake vertebra PIMUZ A/III 631 Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.403   state:published	Download CT data

Palaeopython helveticus PIMUZ A/III 634 View specimen

	M3#400 ZIP file containing .ply of vertebra PIMUZ A/III 634 from Palaeopython helveticus n. sp. (holotype) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.400   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#404 dataset of snake vertbra PIMUZ A/III 634 (holotype) Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.404   state:published	Download CT data

Palaeopython helveticus PIMUZ A/III 636 View specimen

	M3#401 ZIP file containing .ply of vertebra PIMUZ A/III 636 from Palaeopython helveticus n. sp. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.401   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#406 dataset of snake vertebra PIMUZ A/III 636 Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.406   state:published	Download CT data

Palaeovaranus sp. PIMUZ A/III 234 View specimen

	M3#402 ZIP file containing .ply of dentary PIMUZ A/III 234 of Palaeovaranus sp. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.402   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#405 dataset of dentary of Palaeovaranus sp. (PIMUZ A/III 234) Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.405   state:published	Download CT data

The present 3D Dataset contains two 3D models described in Tissier et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200633): the only known complete mandible of the early-branching rhinocerotoid Epiaceratherium magnum Uhlig, 1999, and a hypothetical reconstruction of the complete archetypic skull of Epiaceratherium Heissig, 1969, created by merging three cranial parts from three distinct Epiaceratherium species. 

Epiaceratherium magnum NMB.O.B.928 View specimen

M3#534 3D surface model of the mandible NMB.O.B.928 of Epiaceratherium magnum, with texture file. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.534   state:published

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Epiaceratherium magnum NMB.O.B.928 + MJSN POI007–245 + NMB.I.O.43 View specimen

M3#535 Archetypal reconstruction of the skull of Epiaceratherium, generated by 3D virtual association of the cranium of E. delemontense (MJSN POI007–245, in blue), mandible of E. magnum (NMB.O.B.928, green) and snout of E. bolcense (NMB.I.O.43, in orange). Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.535   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of the brain endocast analyzed in “Virtual brain endocast of Antifer (Mammalia: Cervidae), an extinct large cervid from South America”. 

Antifer ensenadensis U-4922 View specimen

M3#550 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.550   state:published

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Antifer ensenadensis MCN-PV 943 View specimen

M3#551 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.551   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Mennecart B., Métais G., Costeur L., Ginsburg L, and Rössner G. 2021, Reassessment of the enigmatic ruminant Miocene genus Amphimoschus Bourgeois, 1873 (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Pecora). PlosOne. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244661 

Amphimoschus ponteleviensis MNHN.F.AR3266 View specimen

	M3#701 Surface scan of the cast of the skull of Amphimoschus ponteleviensis MNHN.F.AR3266 from Artenay (France) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.701   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#702 Right petrosal bone and bony labyrinth of the skull MNHN.F.AR3266 from Artenay (France) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.702   state:published	Download 3D surface file

Amphimoschus ponteleviensis SMNS40693 View specimen

M3#704 Left petrosal bone and bony labyrinth of the skull SMNS40693 from Langenau 1 (Germany) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.704   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of the endocranial cast of two specimens of Indohyus indirae described in the article entitled “The endocranial cast of Indohyus (Artiodactyla, Raoellidae): the origin of the cetacean brain” (Orliac and Thewissen, 2021). They represent the cast of the main cavity of the braincase as well as associated intraosseous sinuses.
  

Indohyus indirae RR 207 View specimen

M3#710 cast of the main endocranial cavity and associated intraosseous sinuses Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.710   state:published

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Indohyus indirae RR 601 View specimen

M3#711 casts of the main endocranial cavity Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.711   state:published

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