The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Benites-Palomino A., Velez-Juarbe J., Altamirano-Sierra A., Collareta A., Carrillo-Briceño J., and Urbina M. 2022. Sperm whales (Physeteroidea) from the Pisco Formation, Peru, and their Trophic role as fat-sources for Late Miocene sharks.
  

Scaphokogia cochlearis MUSM 978 View specimen

M3#977 juvenile Scaphokogia cochlearis Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.977   state:published

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This contribution contains the three-dimensional digital models of eleven isolated fossil teeth of a merialine paroxyclaenid (Welcommoides gurki), discovered from lower Oligocene deposits of the Bugti Hills (Balochistan, Pakistan). These fossils were described, figured and discussed in the following publication: Solé et al. (2024), An unexpected late paroxyclaenid (Mammalia, Cimolesta) out of Europe: dental evidence from the Oligocene of the Bugti Hills, Pakistan. Papers in Palaeontology. https://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1599 

Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2225 View specimen

M3#1083 Left m3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1083   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2226 View specimen

M3#1084 Right m3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1084   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2227 View specimen

M3#1085 Trigonid of a right lower molar Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1085   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2230 View specimen

M3#1086 Right DP4 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1086   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2228 View specimen

M3#1093 Right M1 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1093   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2229 View specimen

M3#1087 Right M2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1087   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2236 View specimen

M3#1088 Left M2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1088   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2231 View specimen

M3#1089 Left M3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1089   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2232 View specimen

M3#1090 Left M3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1090   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2234 View specimen

M3#1091 Left M3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1091   state:published

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Welcommoides gurki UM-DBC 2233 View specimen

M3#1092 Left M3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1092   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains 3D models of the holotypes described in Aiglstorfer et al.  (2023a). Miocene Moschidae (Mammalia, Ruminantia) from the Linxia Basin (China) connect Europe and Asia and show early evolutionary diversity of a today monogeneric family. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 

Micromeryx? caoi CUGB GV 87045 View specimen

M3#1112 3D models of the holotype of “Micromeryx” caoi (CUGB GV87045) including the models of the teeth, the mandibule, and the sediment. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1112   state:published

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Hispanomeryx linxiaensis IVPP V28596 View specimen

M3#1113 3D models of the holotype of Hispanomeryx linxiaensis (IVPP V28596) including the models of the teeth, the mandibule, and the sediment. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1113   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in 3D Finite Element Analysis and Geometric Morphometrics of Sloths (Xenarthra, Folivora) Mandibles Show Insights on the Dietary Specializations of Fossil Taxa. Journal of South American Earth Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2023.104445 

Mylodon darwinii CAV 379 View specimen

M3#1159 Right hemimandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1159   state:published

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Scelidotherium leptocephalum MNHN-M 137,722 View specimen

M3#1160 Mandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1160   state:published

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Glossotherium robustum MNHN-M 914 View specimen

M3#1161 Mandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1161   state:published

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Lestodon armatus MPAC 899 View specimen

M3#1162 Mandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1162   state:published

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Valgipes bucklandi NHMD.Z.M.K. 1/1845:3540 View specimen

M3#1163 Mandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1163   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Martin, T., Averianov, A. O., Schultz, J. A., & Schwermann, A. H. (2023). A stem therian mammal from the Lower Cretaceous of Germany. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e2224848. 

Spelaeomolitor speratus WMNM P99101 View specimen

	M3#1257 3D_model_Spelaeomolitor_lower_molar Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1257   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1258 CT imagestack (jpgs) and info data sheet (pca file) in one zip folder Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1258   state:published	Download CT data

The present 3D Dataset contains 3D models of the cranium surface and of the bony labyrinth endocast of the stem bat Vielasia sigei. They are used by (Hand et al., 2023) to explore the phylogenetic position of this species, to infer its laryngeal echolocating capabilities, and to eventually discuss chiropteran evolution before the crown clade diversification. 

Vielasia sigei UM VIE-250 View specimen

	M3#1269 External surface of the cranium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1269   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1270 Virtual endocast of the right bony labyrinth Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1270   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains 3D models of the cranial endoskeleton of three specimens of the Permian ‘acanthodian’ stem-group chondrichthyan (cartilaginous fish) Acanthodes confusus, obtained using computed tomography. These datasets were described and analyzed in Dearden et al. (2024) “3D models related to the publication: The pharynx of the iconic stem-group chondrichthyan Acanthodes Agassiz, 1833 revisited with micro computed tomography.” Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 

Acanthodes confusus MNHN-F-SAA20 View specimen

M3#1470 3D surfaces representing the three-dimensionally fossilised head of Acanthodes confusus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1470   state:published

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Acanthodes confusus MNHN-F-SAA21 View specimen

M3#1471 3D surfaces representing the three-dimensionally fossilised head of Acanthodes confusus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1471   state:published

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Acanthodes confusus MNHN-F-SAA24 View specimen

M3#1472 3D surfaces representing the three-dimensionally fossilised head of Acanthodes confusus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1472   state:published

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Speothos pacivorus is an extinct South American canid (Canidae: Cerdocyonina) from the Pleistocene of Lagoa Santa Karst, Central Brazil. This taxon is one of the hypercarnivore canids that vanished from the continent at the end of Pleistocene. Although all remains of Speothos pacivorus were collected in the 19th century by the Danish naturalist Peter W. Lund, few studies have committed to an in-depth analysis of the taxon and the known specimens. Here, we analyzed all biological remains of S. pacivorus hosted in the Peter Lund/Quaternary Collection at the Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, by listing and illustrating all its specimens known to date. We also conducted a reconstruction of the holotype, an almost complete cranium, based on a µCT scan, producing an undeformed and crack-free three-dimensional model. With this data available we aim to foster new research on this elusive species. 

Speothos pacivorus NHMD:211341 View specimen

M3#1475 Holotype of Speothos pacivorus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1475   state:published

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This contribution contains the three-dimensional models of the most complete and/or informative fossil materials attributed to Peradectes crocheti Gernelle, 2024, the earliest peradectid metatherian species of Europe, from its type locality (Palette, Provence, ~55 Ma). These specimens were analyzed and discussed in: Gernelle et al. (2024), Taxonomy and evolutionary history of peradectids (Metatheria): new data from the early Eocene of France. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-024-09724-5

  

Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2018.26.14 View specimen

M3#1499 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2018.26.14, fragmentary left maxilla with C-P1, anterior root of P2, and M1-M3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1499   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.6 View specimen

M3#1500 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.6, left P2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1500   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.7 View specimen

M3#1501 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.7, left M3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1501   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.8 View specimen

M3#1502 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.8, right hemi-mandible fragment with canine alveolus, posterior root of p1, partial p2, p3, partial m1, and m2-m3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1502   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.9 View specimen

M3#1503 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.9, leftm1-m4 row with fragments of dentary Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1503   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.14 View specimen

M3#1504 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.14, right astragalus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1504   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Gaetano, L. C., Abdala, F., Mancuso, C, and Vega N.2025. New traversodontid cynodont from the Late Triassic Chañares Formation. Publicación Electrónica de la Asociación Paleontológica Argentina. 

Pontognathus ignotus PULR-V 287 View specimen

M3#1647 partial snout preserving the lateralmost incisor, the base of the canine, and several postcanines Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1647   state:published

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Massetognathus pascuali PULR-V 289 View specimen

M3#1646 partial lower jaw Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1646   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Molnar, JL, Pierce, SE, Bhullar, B-A, Turner, AH, Hutchinson, JR (accepted). Morphological and functional changes in the crocodylomorph vertebral column with increasing aquatic adaptation. Royal Society Open Science. 

Protosuchus richardsoni AMNH-VP 3024 View specimen

M3#44 8th and 9th dorsal vertebrae, 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae, and 5th lumbar and sacral vertebrae. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf44   state:published

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Terrestrisuchus gracilis NHM-PV R 7562 View specimen

M3#45 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae, and 5th lumbar and sacral vertebrae Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf45   state:published

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Pelagosaurus typus NHM-PV OR 32598 View specimen

M3#46 7th and 8th dorsal vertebrae, 11th and 12th dorsal vertebrae, 15th dorsal vertebra and sacral vertebra. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf46   state:published

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Metriorhynchus superciliosus NHM-PV R 2054 View specimen

M3#47 6th and 7th dorsal vertebrae, 10th and 11th dorsal vertebrae, 17th dorsal vertebra and sacral vertebra Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf47   state:published

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Crocodylus niloticus FNC0 View specimen

M3#48 7th and 8th dorsal vertebrae, 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae, 5th lumbar vertebra and sacral vertebra. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf48   state:published

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Using X-ray microtomography, we describe the ossification events during the larval development of a non-teleost actinopterygian species: the Cuban gar Atractosteus tristoechus from the order Lepisosteiformes. We provide a detailed developmental series for each anatomical structure, covering a large sequence of mineralization events going from an early stage (13 days post-hatching, 21mm total length) to an almost fully ossified larval stage (118dph or 87mm in standard length). With this work, we expect to bring new developmental data to be used in further comparative studies with other lineages of bony vertebrates. We also hope that the on-line publication of these twelve successive 3D reconstructions, fully labelled and flagged, will be an educational tool for all students in comparative anatomy. 

Atractosteus tristoechus At1-13dph View specimen

M3#94 At1-13dph : 13 dph larvae, 21 mm TL Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.94   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At2-16dph View specimen

M3#95 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 16 dph, 26mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.95   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At3-19dph View specimen

M3#96 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 19 dph, 27mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.96   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At4-22dph View specimen

M3#97 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 22dph, 30mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.97   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At5-26dph View specimen

M3#98 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 26 dph, 32mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.98   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At6-31dph View specimen

M3#99 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 31 dph, 39mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.99   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At7-37dph View specimen

M3#100 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 37 dph, 43mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.100   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At8-52dph View specimen

M3#101 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 52 dph, 46mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.101   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At9-74dph View specimen

M3#102 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 74 dph, 61mm SL. Not all structures are colored, only newly ossified ones. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.102   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At10-89dph View specimen

M3#103 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 89 dph, 63mm SL. Not all structures are colored, only newly ossified ones. You may find the tag file in the At1-13dph reconstruction data. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.103   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At11-104dph View specimen

M3#104 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 104 dph, 70mm SL. Not all structures are colored, only newly ossified ones. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.104   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At12-118dph View specimen

M3#105 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 118 dph, 87mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.105   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in the article Mennecart, B., and L. Costeur. 2016. A Dorcatherium (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Middle Miocene) petrosal bone and the tragulid ear region. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(6), 1211665(1)-1211665(7). DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2016.1211665. 

Tragulus javanicus 10028 View specimen

M3#119 3D surface of the left bony labyrinth of Tragulus javanicus NMB 10028 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.119   state:published

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Moschiola meminna C.2453 View specimen

M3#120 3D surface of the left bony labyrinth of Moschiola meminna NMB C.2453 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.120   state:published

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Hyemoschus aquaticus C.1930 View specimen

M3#122 3D surface of the right bony labyrinth of Hyemoschus aquaticus NMB C.1930 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.122   state:published

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Dorcatherium crassum San.15053 View specimen

M3#123 3D surface of the right bony labyrinth of Dorcatherium crassum NMB San.15053 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.123   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D model of the holotype of Chambius kasserinensis, the basalmost ‘elephant-shrew’ figured in the following publication: New remains of Chambius kasserinensis from the Eocene of Tunisia and evaluation of proposed affinities for Macroscelidea (Mammalia, Afrotheria). https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2017.1297433 

Chambius kasserinensis CBI-1-06 View specimen

M3#146 3D model of the holotype maxilla of Chambius kasserinensis. The 3D surface was extracted manually from the limestone matrix within AVIZO 9.2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.146   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Mennecart B., de Perthuis Ad., Rössner G.E., Guzmán J.A., de Perthuis Au., Costeur L. The first French tragulid skull (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Tragulidae) and associated tragulid remains from the Middle Miocene of Contres (Loir-et-Cher, France). Comptes Rendus Palévol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crpv.2017.08.004 

Dorcatherium crassum NMB Fa.213.abg View specimen

M3#181 The 3D surface files of the specimen NMB Fa.213 are the reconstructions of the main skull fragments, the right petrosal bone, and the left bony labyrinth. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.181   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of the holotype (NMB Sth. 833) of the new species Micromeryx? eiselei analysed in the article Aiglstorfer, M., Costeur, L., Mennecart, B., Heizmann, E.P.J.. 2017. Micromeryx? eiselei - a new moschid species from Steinheim am Albuch, Germany, and the first comprehensive description of moschid cranial material from the Miocene of Central Europe. PlosOne https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185679 

Micromeryx? eiselei NMB Sth. 833 View specimen

M3#284 The 3 D surfaces comprises the skull, petrosal, and bony labyrinth of NMB Sth.833, the holotype of Micromeryx? eiselei Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.284   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in: Amson et al., Under review. Evolutionary Adaptation to Aquatic Lifestyle in Extinct Sloths Can Lead to Systemic Alteration of Bone Structure doi:10.1098/rspb.2018.0270. 

Bradypus tridactylus MNHN ZM-MO-1999-1065 View specimen

M3#337 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.337   state:published

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Choloepus didactylus MNHN-ZM-MO-1996-594 View specimen

M3#338 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.338   state:published

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Thalassocnus natans MNHN-F-SAS-734 View specimen

M3#339 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.339   state:published

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Thalassocnus littoralis MNHN-F-SAS-1610 View specimen

M3#340 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.340   state:published

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Thalassocnus littoralis MNHN-F-SAS-1615 View specimen

M3#341 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.341   state:published

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Thalassocnus carolomartini SMNK-3814 View specimen

M3#342 Brain endocast lacking right olfactory bulb Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.342   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models of the ossicles of a protocetid archaeocete from the locality of Kpogamé, Togo, described and figured in the publication of Mourlam and Orliac (2019). 

indet. indet. UM KPG-M 73 View specimen

	M3#407 stapes Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.407   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#408 Incus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.408   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#409 Malleus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.409   state:published	Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in the following publication: Paulina-Carabajal, A., Ezcurra, M., Novas, F., 2019. New information on the braincase and endocranial morphology of the Late Triassic neotheropod Zupaysaurus rougieri using Computed Tomography data. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2019.1630421
  

Zupaysaurus rougieri PULR 076 View specimen

M3#424 The Zip contains 3 files, which correspond to: PULR_076-M1: Zupaysaurus rougieri skull, braincase and cranial endocast PULR_076-M2: Zupaysaurus rougieri braincase PULR_076-M1: Zupaysaurus rougieri brain and inner ear Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.424   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in the following publication: Paulina-Carabajal, A., Sterli, J., Werneburg, I., 2019. The endocranial anatomy of the stem turtle Naomichelys speciosa from the Early Cretaceous of North America. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, https://doi.org/10.4202/app.00606.2019 

Naomichelys speciosa FMNH PR273 View specimen

M3#428 FMNH_PR273_1 - Naomichlys speciosa - skull Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.428   state:published

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