The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Benites-Palomino A., Velez-Juarbe J., Altamirano-Sierra A., Collareta A., Carrillo-Briceño J., and Urbina M. 2022. Sperm whales (Physeteroidea) from the Pisco Formation, Peru, and their Trophic role as fat-sources for Late Miocene sharks.
  

Scaphokogia cochlearis MUSM 978 View specimen

M3#977 juvenile Scaphokogia cochlearis Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.977   state:published

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This 3D Dataset includes the 3D models analysed in Wölfer J & Hautier L. 2024 Inferring the locomotor ecology of two of the oldest fossil squirrels: influence of operationalisation, trait, body size, and machine learning method. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024-0743
  

Palaeosciurus goti MGB125 View specimen

M3#1577 Left femur of Palaeosciurus goti Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1577   state:published

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Palaeosciurus feignouxi GER291 View specimen

M3#1578 Right femur of Palaeosciurus feignouxi Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1578   state:published

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Palaeosciurus feignouxi GER293 View specimen

M3#1579 Right femur of Palaeosciurus feignouxi Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1579   state:published

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Palaeosciurus feignouxi GER294 View specimen

M3#1580 Right femur of Palaeosciurus feignouxi Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1580   state:published

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Palaeosciurus feignouxi GER296 View specimen

M3#1581 Left femur of Palaeosciurus feignouxi Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1581   state:published

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Palaeosciurus feignouxi GER298 View specimen

M3#1582 Left femur of Palaeosciurus feignouxi Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1582   state:published

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Palaeosciurus feignouxi GER299 View specimen

M3#1583 Left femur of Palaeosciurus feignouxi Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1583   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in the following publication: Carolina A. Hoffmann, A. G. Martinelli & M. B. Andrade. 2023. Anatomy of the holotype of “Probelesodon” kitchingi revisited, a chiniquodontid cynodont (Synapsida, Probainognathia) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil, Journal of Paleontology 

Probelesodon kitchingi MCP 1600 PV View specimen

M3#1151 3D models of the skull with segmented bones and without the segmentation. colormap and orientation files also added. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1151   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains sixteen 3D models of unornamented Polygnathus illustrating allometric variation and bilateral asymmetry within four “Operational Taxonomic Units” analyzed in the publication: Convergent allometric trajectories in Devonian-Carboniferous unornamented Polygnathus conodonts. 

Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-010 View specimen

M3#1611 Dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1611   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-011 View specimen

M3#1612 Sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1612   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-012 View specimen

M3#1613 Sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1613   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-013 View specimen

M3#1614 Dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1614   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-014 View specimen

M3#1615 Sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1615   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-015 View specimen

M3#1616 Sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1616   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-016 View specimen

M3#1617 Dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1617   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-017 View specimen

M3#1618 Dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1618   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-018 View specimen

M3#1619 Sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1619   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-019 View specimen

M3#1620 Sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1620   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-020 View specimen

M3#1621 Dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1621   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-021 View specimen

M3#1622 Dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1622   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-022 View specimen

M3#1623 Sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1623   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-023 View specimen

M3#1624 Sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1624   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-024 View specimen

M3#1625 Dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1625   state:published

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Polygnathus sp. UM-PSQ-025 View specimen

M3#1626 Dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1626   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in The largest freshwater odontocete: a South Asian river dolphin relative from the Proto-Amazonia. 

Pebanista yacuruna MUSM 4017 View specimen

M3#1394 Holotype skull of Pebanista yacuruna MUSM 4017 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1394   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of a skull and lower jaw of the holotype of Santagnathus mariensis, described in “Old fossil findings in the Upper Triassic rocks of southern Brazil improve diversity of traversodontid cynodonts (Therapsida, Cynodontia)” 

Santagnathus mariensis UFRGS-PV-1419-T View specimen

	M3#1157 Skull Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1157   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1158 Lower jaw Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1158   state:published	Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains 3D models of the cranial, visceral, and pectoral endoskeleton of Iniopera, an iniopterygian stem-group holocephalan from the Pennsylvanian of the USA. These data formed the basis for the analyses carried out in Dearden et al. (2023) “Evidence for high-performance suction feeding in the Pennsylvanian stem-group holocephalan Iniopera” PNAS. 

Iniopera sp. KUNHM 22060, 158289 View specimen

M3#1034 plys of the head endoskeleton of Iniopera sp. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1034   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains 3D models of the cranium surface and of the bony labyrinth endocast of the stem bat Vielasia sigei. They are used by (Hand et al., 2023) to explore the phylogenetic position of this species, to infer its laryngeal echolocating capabilities, and to eventually discuss chiropteran evolution before the crown clade diversification. 

Vielasia sigei UM VIE-250 View specimen

	M3#1269 External surface of the cranium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1269   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1270 Virtual endocast of the right bony labyrinth Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1270   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains 3D models of the holotype of a new species of long-nosed armadillos, the Guianan long-nosed armadillo (Dasypus guianensis) described in the following publication: Barthe M., Rancilhac L., Arteaga M. C., Feijó A., Tilak M.-K., Justy F., Loughry W. J., McDonough C. M., de Thoisy B., Catzeflis F., Billet G., Hautier L., Nabholz B., and Delsuc F. 2024. Exon capture museomics deciphers the nine-banded armadillo species complex and identifies a new species endemic to the Guiana Shield. Systematic Biology, syae027. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syae027
  

Dasypus guianensis MNHN-ZM-MO-2001-1317 View specimen

	M3#1200 Skeleton and carapace Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1200   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1201 Frontal sinuses Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1201   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D models of the fossil remains (maxilla, dentary, and talus) attributed to Djebelemur martinezi, a ca. 50 Ma primate from Tunisia (Djebel Chambi), described and figured in the following publication: Marivaux et al. (2013), Djebelemur, a tiny pre-tooth-combed primate from the Eocene of Tunisia: a glimpse into the origin of crown strepsirhines. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080778  

Djebelemur martinezi CBI-1-544 View specimen

M3#365 CBI-1-544, left maxilla preserving P3-M3 and alveoli for P2 and C1 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.365   state:published

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Djebelemur martinezi CBI-1-567 View specimen

M3#363 Isolated left upper P4 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.363   state:published

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Djebelemur martinezi CBI-1-565-577-587-580 View specimen

M3#366 - CBI-1-565, a damaged right mandible, which consists of three isolated pieces found together and reassembled here: the anterior part of the dentary bears the p3 and m1, and alveoli for p4, p2 and c, while the posterior part preserves m3 and a portion of the ascending ramus; the m2 was found isolated but in the same small calcareous block treated by acid processing. - CBI-1-577, isolated right lower p4. - CBI-1-587, isolated left lower p2 (reversed). - CBI-1-580, isolated left lower canine (reversed). Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.366   state:published

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Djebelemur martinezi CBI-1-545 View specimen

M3#364 Right Talus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.364   state:published

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Here, the semicircular canals of the most aquatic seal, the rare Antarctic Ross Seal (Ommatophoca rossii), are presented for the first time, along with representatives of every species in the Lobodontini: the leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx), Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii), and crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophagus). Because encounters with wild Ross seal are rare, and few specimens are available in collections worldwide, this dataset increases accessibility to a rare species. For further comparison, we present the bony labyrinths of other carnivorans, the elephant seal (Mirounga leonina), harbor seal (Phoca vitulina), walrus (Odobenus rosmarus), South American sea lion (Otaria byronia). 

Odobenus rosmarus MVZ 125566 View specimen

M3#173 Surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the walrus, Odobenus rosmarus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.173   state:published

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Phoca vitulina UZNH 17973 View specimen

M3#174 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the harbor seal, Phoca vitulina. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.174   state:published

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Hydrurga leptonyx MLP 14.IV.48.11 View specimen

M3#285 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the leopard seal, Hydrurga leptonyx. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.285   state:published

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Leptonychotes weddellii IAA 02-13 View specimen

M3#288 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the Weddell seal Leptonychotes weddellii. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.288   state:published

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Lobodon carcinophagus IAA 530 View specimen

M3#286 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the crabeater seal, Lobodon carcinophagus. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.286   state:published

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Ommatophoca rossii MACN 48259 View specimen

M3#176 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the Ross seal Ommatophoca rossii. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.176   state:published

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Mirounga leonina IAA 03-5 View specimen

M3#287 Right endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the elephant seal, Mirounga leonina. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.287   state:published

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This project presents the 3D models of two isolated petrosals from the Oligocene locality of Pech de Fraysse (Quercy, France) here attributed to the genus Prodremotherium Filhol, 1877. Our aim is to describe the petrosal morphology of this Oligocene “early ruminant” as only few data are available in the literature for Oligocene taxa. 

Prodremotherium sp. UM PFY 4053 View specimen

M3#7 Labelled 3D model of right isolated petrosal of Prodremotherium sp. from Pech de Fraysse (Quercy, MP 28) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf7   state:published

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Prodremotherium sp. UM PFY 4054 View specimen

M3#8 Labelled 3D model of right isolated petrosal of Prodremotherium sp. from Pech de Fraysse (Quercy, MP 28) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf8   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Hautier L, Sarr R, Lihoreau F, Tabuce R, Marwan Hameh P. 2014. First record of the family Protocetidae in the Lutetian of Senegal (West Africa). Palaeovertebrata 38(2)-e2 

indet. indet. SN103 View specimen

M3#5 SN103, partial left innominate. Age and occurrence – Taïba Formation, Lutetian of the near Taïba Ndiaye, quarry of the Industries Chimiques du Sénégal (ICS) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf5   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model of a specimen of Metamynodon planifrons (UNISTRA.2015.0.1106) described and figured in: Veine-Tonizzo, L., Tissier, J., Bukhsianidze, M., Vasilyan, D., Becker, D., 2023, Cranial morphology and phylogenetic relationships of Amynodontidae Scott & Osborn, 1883 (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotoidea). 

Metamynodon planifrons UNISTRA.2015.0.1106 View specimen

M3#716 Textured 3D surface model of the skull of the specimen UNISTRA.2015.0.1106 with right C1 and both rows of P2-M3. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.716   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model used in in the following publication: Interacting with the inaccessible: utilization of multimedia-based visual contents of Japan’s National Monument, the Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis (Mosasauridae) holotype for educational workshops at Mikasa City Museum. 

Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis MCM.M0009 View specimen

M3#499 Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis, Caldwell et al. 2008 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.499   state:published

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This contribution contains the three-dimensional digital models of the dental fossil material of anthropoid and strepsirrhine primates, discovered in Lower Oligocene detrital deposits outcropping in the Porto Rico and El Argoub areas, east of the Dakhla peninsula region (Atlantic Sahara; in the south of Morocco, near the northern border of Mauritania). These fossils were described, figured and discussed in the following publication: Marivaux et al. (2024), A new primate community from the earliest Oligocene of the Atlantic margin of Northwest Africa: Systematic, paleobiogeographic and paleoenvironmental implications. Journal of Human Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103548 

Catopithecus aff. browni DAK-Arg-087 View specimen

M3#1211 Isolated right lower m3 (worn) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1211   state:published

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Catopithecus aff. browni DAK-Arg-088 View specimen

M3#1212 Isolated right lower m2 (abraded/corroded) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1212   state:published

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Catopithecus aff. browni DAK-Arg-089 View specimen

M3#1213 Isolated left lower m1 (worn) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1213   state:published

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Catopithecus aff. browni DAK-Pto-052 View specimen

M3#1214 Isolated right lower m1 (pristine but lacking the mesiobuccal region) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1214   state:published

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Catopithecus aff. browni DAK-Arg-090 View specimen

M3#1215 Isolated left upper P4 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1215   state:published

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Catopithecus aff. browni DAK-Arg-091 View specimen

M3#1216 Isolated left upper M2 (worn and corroded) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1216   state:published

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Catopithecus aff. browni DAK-Pto-053 View specimen

M3#1217 Isolated right upper M1 (lacking the buccal region) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1217   state:published

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Abuqatrania cf. basiodontos DAK-Arg-092 View specimen

M3#1218 Isolated left lower c1 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1218   state:published

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?Propliopithecus sp. DAK-Pto-056 View specimen

M3#1219 Isolated right lower m3 (fragment of talonid of a germ) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1219   state:published

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Abuqatrania cf. basiodontos DAK-Arg-093 View specimen

M3#1469 Isolated right lower m1 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1469   state:published

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Abuqatrania cf. basiodontos DAK-Arg-094 View specimen

M3#1221 Isolated left upper M1 or M2 (corroded, lacking the enamel cap [exposed dentine]) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1221   state:published

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Abuqatrania cf. basiodontos DAK-Arg-095 View specimen

M3#1222 Isolated right lower i1 or i2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1222   state:published

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Abuqatrania cf. basiodontos DAK-Arg-096 View specimen

M3#1223 Isolated right lower p2 (worn apex) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1223   state:published

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Abuqatrania cf. basiodontos DAK-Arg-097 View specimen

M3#1224 Isolated right lower p2 (worn apex and broken root) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1224   state:published

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Afrotarsius sp. DAK-Arg-098 View specimen

M3#1225 Isolated left lower p3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1225   state:published

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Afrotarsius sp. DAK-Pto-054 View specimen

M3#1226 Isolated right lower m1 (abraded/corroded) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1226   state:published

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Orolemur mermozi DAK-Pto-055 View specimen

M3#1227 Isolated right upper M1 or M2 (pristine, Holotype) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1227   state:published

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Wadilemur cf. elegans DAK-Arg-099 View specimen

M3#1228 Isolated right lower m2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1228   state:published

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cf. 'Anchomomys' milleri DAK-Arg-100 View specimen

M3#1229 Isolated right lower c1 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1229   state:published

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Abuqatrania cf. basiodontos DAK-Arg-101 View specimen

M3#1396 Isolated left upper M3 (abraded) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1396   state:published

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Orogalago saintexuperyi DAK-Arg-102 View specimen

M3#1397 Isolated left lower m2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1397   state:published

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Wadilemur cf. elegans DAK-Arg-103 View specimen

M3#1473 Isolated right upper M1 or M2 (lacking the mesial and buccal regions) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1473   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model of a skull analyzed in “A Puma concolor (Carnivora: Felidae) in the Middle-Late Holocene landscapes of the Brazilian Northeast (Bahia): submerged cave deposits and stable isotopes”. The 3D model was generated by photogrammetry. 

Puma concolor MN 57461 View specimen

M3#843 Cranium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.843   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Keppeler, H., Schultz, J. A., Ruf, I., & Martin, T., 2023. Cranial anatomy of Hypisodus minimus (Artiodactyla: Ruminantia) from the Oligocene Brule Formation of North America. Palaeontographica Abteilung A. 

Hypisodus minimus SMNK-PAL 27212 View specimen

	M3#1031 CT image stack of a skull of Hypisodus minimus. Also includes a lumbar vertebra and a probable proximal phalanx of digit III or IV. Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1031   state:published	Download CT data
	M3#1036 3D surface models of a skull of Hypisodus minimus (SMNK-PAL27212). The data includes a surface model for: basisphenoid, tympanic bullae, ethmoid (lamina perpendicularis), frontals, jugal (left), jugal (right), lacrimals, lower dentition, mandibles, mastoid processes, maxillaries, maxilloturbinals, nasals, occipital, palatine, parietals, petrosals, presphenoid, squamosals, turbinates, upper dentition, and the vomer. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1036   state:published	Download 3D surface file

Hypisodus minimus SMNK-PAL 27213 View specimen

	M3#1033 CT image stack of a skull of Hypisodus minimus. Also shows numerous postcranial material including an atlas articulated with the occipital bone, the distal part of a left humerus articulated to radius and ulna, a part of a femur, a part of a tibia and fibula, unidentifiable tarsal bones, parts of the metatarsals II, III, IV and V and their phalanges, a proximal phalanx of digit III or IV, a middle phalanx of digit III or IV, a possible patella and calcaneus, as well as numerous unidentifiable broken bony fragments. Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1033   state:published	Download CT data
	M3#1035 3D surface models of a skull of Hypisodus minimus (SMNK-PAL27213). The data includes a surface model for: atlas, basisphenoid, tympanic bullae, nasals, occipital, the petrosals, and the inner ear. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1035   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution provides the raw files for the μCT-scan data and renderings of the three-dimensional digital models of two fossil teeth of a geomyin geomorph rodent (Caribeomys merzeraudi), discovered from lower Oligocene deposits of Puerto Rico, San Sebastian Formation (locality LACM Loc. 8060). These fossils were described, figured and discussed in the following publication: Marivaux et al. (2021), An unpredicted ancient colonization of the West Indies by North American rodents: dental evidence of a geomorph from the early Oligocene of Puerto Rico. Papers in Palaeontology. https://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1388 

Caribeomys merzeraudi LACM 162478 View specimen

	M3#712 Right lower dp4: isolated deciduous premolar. The specimen was scanned with a resolution of 5 µm using a μ-CT-scanning station EasyTom 150 / Rx Solutions (Montpellier RIO Imaging, ISE-M, Montpellier, France). AVIZO 7.1 (Visualization Sciences Group) software was used for visualization, segmentation, and 3D rendering. This isolated tooth was prepared within a “labelfield” module of AVIZO, using the segmentation threshold selection tool. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.712   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#714 5µm µCT data set . Right lower dp4: isolated deciduous premolar. The specimen was scanned with a resolution of 5 µm using a μ-CT-scanning station EasyTom 150 / Rx Solutions (Montpellier RIO Imaging, ISE-M, Montpellier, France). Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.714   state:published	Download CT data

Caribeomys merzeraudi LACM 162449 View specimen

	M3#713 Right lower molar (m1 or m2). The specimen was scanned with a resolution of 4.5 µm using a μ-CT-scanning station EasyTom 150 / Rx Solutions (Montpellier RIO Imaging, ISE-M, Montpellier, France). AVIZO 7.1 (Visualization Sciences Group) software was used for visualization, segmentation, and 3D rendering. This isolated tooth was prepared within a “labelfield” module of AVIZO, using the segmentation threshold selection tool. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.713   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#715 µCT data at 4.5µm Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.715   state:published	Download CT data

Archaeozoological studies are increasingly using new methods and approaches to explore questions about domestication. Here, we provide 3D models of three archaeological Canis lupus skulls from Belgium originating from the sites of Goyet (31,680±250BP; 31,890+240/-220BP), Trou des Nutons (21,810±90BP) and Trou Balleux (postglacial). Since their identification as either wolves or early dogs is still debated, we present these models as additional tools for further investigating their evolutionary history and the history of dog domestication. 

Canis lupus Goyet 2860 View specimen

M3#21 3D surface model of the cranium of the Late Pleistocene Canis lupus "Goyet 2860" from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf21   state:published

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Canis lupus Trou Balleux no-nr View specimen

M3#22 3D surface model of the cranium of the Late Pleistocene Canis lupus "Trou Balleux no-nr" from the University of Liège, Belgium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf22   state:published

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Canis lupus Trou des Nutons 2559-1 View specimen

M3#23 3D surface model of the cranium of the Late Pleistocene Canis lupus "Trou des Nutons 2559-1" from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf23   state:published

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